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Easton's Bible Dictionary
rest, (Hebrew Noah)
(1) the grandson of Methuselah
( Genesis
5:25 - 29
), who was for two hundred and
fifty years contemporary with
Adam, and the son of Lamech,
who was about fifty years old
at the time of Adam's death.
This patriarch is rightly regarded
as the connecting link between
the old and the new world. He
is the second great progenitor
of the human family.
The words of his father Lamech
at his birth ( Genesis
5:29 ) have been regarded
as in a sense prophetical, designating
Noah as a type of Him who is
the true "rest and comfort"
of men under the burden of life
( Matthew
11:28 ).
He lived five hundred years,
and then there were born unto
him three sons, Shem, Ham, and
Japheth ( Genesis
5:32 ). He was a "just man
and perfect in his generation,"
and "walked with God" (Compare
Ezekiel
14:14 , 14:20
). But now the descendants of
Cain and of Seth began to intermarry,
and then there sprang up a race
distinguished for their ungodliness.
Men became more and more corrupt,
and God determined to sweep
the earth of its wicked population
( Genesis
6:7 ). But with Noah God
entered into a covenant, with
a promise of deliverance from
the threatened deluge (Genesis
6:18). He was accordingly
commanded to build an ark (
Genesis
6:14 - 16
) for the saving of himself
and his house. An interval of
one hundred and twenty years
elapsed while the ark was being
built ( Genesis
6:3 ), during which Noah
bore constant testimony against
the unbelief and wickedness
of that generation ( 1
Peter 3:18 - 20
; 2
Peter 2:5 ).
When the ark of "gopher-wood"
(mentioned only here) was at
length completed according to
the command of the Lord, the
living creatures that were to
be preserved entered into it;
and then Noah and his wife and
sons and daughters-in-law entered
it, and the "Lord shut him in"
(Genesis
7:16). The judgment-threatened
now fell on the guilty world,
"the world that then was, being
overflowed with water, perished"
( 2
Peter 3:6 ). The ark floated
on the waters for one hundred
and fifty days, and then rested
on the mountains of Ararat (
Genesis
8:3 , 8:4
); but not for a considerable
time after this was divine permission
given him to leave the ark,
so that he and his family were
a whole year shut up within
it ( Genesis
8:4 - 14).
On leaving the ark Noah's first
act was to erect an altar, the
first of which there is any
mention, and offer the sacrifices
of adoring thanks and praise
to God, who entered into a covenant
with him, the first covenant
between God and man, granting
him possession of the earth
by a new and special charter,
which remains in force to the
present time ( Genesis
8:21 - 9:17).
). As a sign and witness of
this covenant, the rainbow was
adopted and set apart by God,
as a sure pledge that never
again would the earth be destroyed
by a flood.
But, alas! Noah after this fell
into grievous sin ( Genesis
9:21 ); and the conduct
of Ham on this sad occasion
led to the memorable prediction
regarding his three sons and
their descendants. Noah "lived
after the flood three hundred
and fifty years, and he died"
( Genesis
9:29 ). (See DELUGE).
(2) Noah, motion, (Hebrew No'ah)
one of the five daughters of
Zelophehad ( Numbers
26:33 ; 27:1
; 36:11
; Joshua
17:3 ).
Hitchcock's Dictionary of Bible
Names
(1) Repose; consolation
(2) that quavers or totters
(Zelophehad's daughter)
Smith's
Bible Dictionary
(rest), The tenth in
descent from Adam, in the line
of Seth was the son of Lamech
and grandson of Methuselah.
(B.C. 2948-1998.) We hear nothing
of Noah till he is 500 years
old when It is said he begat
three sons, Shem, Ham and Japheth.
In consequence of the grievous
and hopeless wickedness of the
world at this time, God resolved
to destroy it. Of Noahs life
during this age of almost universal
apostasy we are told but little.
It is merely said that he was
a righteous man and perfect
in his generations (i.e. among
his contemporaries), and that
he, like Enoch, walked with
God. St. Peter calls him "a
preacher of righteousness."
( 2
Peter 2:5 ) Besides this
we are merely told that he had
three: sons each of whom had
married a wife; that he built
the ark in accordance with divine
direction; end that he was 600
years old when the flood came.
( Genesis
6:7 )
The ark. --
The precise meaning of the Hebrew
word (tebah ) is uncertain.
The word occurs only in Genesis
and in ( Exodus
2:3 ) In all probability
it is to the old Egyptian that
we are to look for its original
form. Bunsen, in his vocabulary
gives tba , "a chest," tpt ,
"a boat," and in the Coptic
version of ( Exodus
2:3 , 2:5
) thebi is the rendering of
tebah . This "chest" or "boat"
was to be made of gopher (i.e.
cypress) wood, a kind of timber
which both for its lightness
and its durability was employed
by the Phoenicians for building
their vessels. The planks of
the ark, after being put together
were to be protected by a coating
of pitch, or rather bitumen,
both inside and outside, to
make it water-tight, and perhaps
also as a protection against
the attacks of marine animals.
The ark was to consist of a
number of "nests" or small compartments,
with a view, no doubt, to the
convenient distribution of the
different animals and their
food. These were to be arranged
in three tiers, one above another;
"with lower, second and third
(stories) shalt thou make it."
Means were also to be provided
for letting light into the ark.
There was to be a door this
was to be placed in the side
of the ark. Of the shape of
the ark nothing is said, but
its dimensions are given. It
was to be 300 cubits in length,
50 in breadth and 30 in height.
Taking 21 inches for the cubit,
the ark would be 525 feet in
length, 87 feet 6 inches in
breadth and 52 feet 6 inches
in height. This is very considerably
larger than the largest British
man-of-war, but not as large
as some modern ships. It should
be remembered that this huge
structure was only intended
to float on the water, and was
not in the proper sense of the
word a ship. It had neither
mast, sail nor rudder it was
in fact nothing but an enormous
floating house, or rather oblong
box. The inmates of the ark
were Noah and his wife and his
three sons with their wives.
Noah was directed to take also
animals of all kinds into the
ark with him, that they might
be preserved alive. (The method
of speaking of the animals that
were taken into the ark "clean"
and "unclean," implies that
only those which were useful
to man were preserved, and that
no wild animals were taken into
the ark; so that there is no
difficulty from the great number
of different species of animal
life existing in the word. --ED.)
The flood. --
The ark was finished, and all
its living freight was gathered
into it as a place of safety.
Jehovah shut him in, says the
chronicler, speaking of Noah;
and then there ensued a solemn
pause of seven days before the
threatened destruction was let
loose. At last the before the
threatened destruction was flood
came; the waters were upon the
earth. A very simple but very
powerful and impressive description
is given of the appalling catastrophe.
The waters of the flood increased
for a period of 190 days (40+150,
comparing) ( Genesis
7:12 ) and Genesis
7:24 and then "God remembered
Noah" and made a wind to pass
over the earth, so that the
waters were assuaged. The ark
rested on the seventeenth day
of the seventh month on the
mountains of Ararat. After this
the waters gradually decreased
till the first day of the tenth
month, when the tops of the
mountains were seen but Noah
and his family did not disembark
till they had been in the ark
a year and a month and twenty
days. Whether the flood was
universal or partial has given
rise to much controversy; but
there can be no doubt that it
was universal, so far as man
was concerned: we mean that
it extended to all the then
known world . The literal truth
of the narrative obliges us
to believe that the whole human
race , except eight persons,
perished by the flood. The language
of the book of Genesis does
not compel us to suppose that
the whole surface of the globe
was actually covered with water,
if the evidence of geology requires
us to adopt the hypothesis of
a partial deluge. It is natural
to suppose it that the writer,
when he speaks of "all flesh,"
"all in whose nostrils was the
breath of life" refers only
to his own locality. This sort
of language is common enough
in the Bible when only a small
part of the globe is intended.
Thus, for instance, it is said
that "all countries came into
Egypt to Joseph to buy corn
and that" a decree went out
from Caesar Augustus that all
the worldshould be taxed." The
truth of the biblical narrative
is confirmed by the numerous
traditions of other nations,
which have preserved the memory
of a great and destructive flood,
from which but a small part
of mankind escaped. They seem
to point back to a common centre
whence they were carried by
the different families of man
as they wandered east and west.
The traditions which come nearest
to the biblical account are
those of the nations of western
Asia. Foremost among these is
the Chaldean. Other notices
of a flood may be found in the
Phoenician mythology. There
is a medal of Apamea in Phrygia,
struck as late as the time of
Septimius Severus, in which
the Phrygian deluge is commemorated.
This medal represents a kind
of a square vessel floating
in the water. Through an opening
in it are seen two persons,
a man and a woman. Upon the
top of this chest or ark is
perched a bird, whilst another
flies toward it carrying a branch
between its feet. Before the
vessel are represented the same
pair as having just, quitted
it and got upon the dry land.
Singularly enough, too, on some
specimens of this medal the
letters NO or NOE have been
found on the vessel, as in the
cut on p. 454. (Tayler Lewis
deduces the partial extent of
the flood from the very face
of the Hebrew text." "Earth,"
where if speaks of "all the
earth," often is, and here should
be, translated "land," the home
of the race, from which there
appears to have been little
inclination to wander. Even
after the flood God had to compel
them to disperse. "Under the
whole heavens" simply includes
the horizon reaching around
"all the land" the visible horizon.
We still use the words in the
same sense and so does the Bible.
Nearly all commentators now
agree on the partial extent
of the deluge. If is probable
also that the crimes and violence
of the previous age had greatly
diminished the population, and
that they would have utterly
exterminated the race had not
God in this way saved out some
good seed from their destruction.
So that the flood, by appearing
to destroy the race, really
saved the world from destruction
.--ED.) (The scene of the deluge
--Hugh Miller, in his "Testimony
of the Rocks," argues that there
is a remarkable portion of the
globe, chiefly on the Asiatic
continent, though it extends
into Europe, and which is nearly
equal to all Europe in extent,
whose rivers (some of them the
Volga, Oural, Sihon, Kour and
the Amoo, of great size) do
not fall into the ocean, but,
on the contrary are all turned
inward, losing themselves in
the eastern part of the tract,
in the lakes of a rainless district
in the western parts into such
seas as the Caspian and the
Aral. In this region there are
extensive districts still under
the level of the ocean. Vast
plains white with salt and charged
with sea-shells, show that the
Caspian Sea was at no distant
period greatly more extensive
than it is now. With the well-known
facts, then, before us regarding
this depressed Asiatic region,
let us suppose that the human
family, still amounting to several
millions, though greatly reduced
by exterminating wars and exhausting
vices, were congregated in that
tract of country which, extending
eastward from the modern Ararat
to far beyond the Sea of Aral,
includes the original Caucasian
centre of the race. Let us suppose
that, the hour of judgment having
arrived, the land began gradually
to sink (as the tract in the
Run of Cutch sank in the year
1819) equably for forty days
at the rate of about 400 feet
per day a rate not twice greater
than that at which the tide
rises in the Straits of Magellan,
and which would have rendered
itself apparent as but a persistent
inward flowing of the sea. The
depression, which, by extending
to the Euxine Sea and the Persian
Gulf on the one hand and the
Gulf of Finland on the other,
would open up by three separate
channels the "fountains of the
great deep," and which included
an area of 2000 miles each way,
would, at the end of the fortieth
day, be sunk in its centre to
the depth of 16,000 feet, --sufficient
to bury the loftiest mountains
of the district; and yet, having
a gradient of declination of
but sixteen feet per mile, the
contour of its hills and plains
would remain apparently what
they had been before, and the
doomed inhabitants would, but
the water rising along the mountain
sides, and one refuge after
another swept away. -ED.)
After the Flood. --
Noahs great act after he left
the ark was to build an altar
and to offer sacrifices. This
is the first altar of which
we read in Scripture, and the
first burnt sacrifice. Then
follows the blessing of God
upon Noah and his sons. Noah
is clearly the head of a new
human family, the representative
of the whole race. It is as
such that God makes his covenant
with him; and hence selects
a natural phenomenon as the
sign of that covenant. The bow
in the cloud, seen by every
nation under heaven, is an unfailing
witness to the truth of God.
Noah now for the rest of his
life betook himself to agricultural
pursuits. It is particularly
noticed that he planted a vineyard.
Whether in ignorance of its
properties or otherwise we are
not informed, but he drank of
the juice of the grape till
he became intoxicated and shamefully
exposed himself in his own tent.
One of sons, Ham, mocked openly
at his fathers disgrace. The
others, with dutiful care and
reverence, endeavored to hide
it. When he recovered from the
effects of his intoxication,
he declared that a curse should
rest upon the sons of Ham. With
the curse on his youngest son
was joined a blessing on the
other two. After this prophetic
blessing we hear no more of
the patriarch but the sum of
his years, 950.
International
Standard Bible Encyclopedia
no'-a
(noach, "rest"; Septuagint Noe;
Josephus, Nochos):
(1)
The 10th in descent from Adam
in the line of Seth (Genesis
5:28 , 29).
Lamech here seems to derive
the word from the nacham, "to
comfort," but this is probably
a mere play upon the name by
Noah's father. The times in
which Noah was born were degenerate,
and this finds pathetic expression
in Lamech's saying at the birth
of Noah, "This same shall comfort
us in our work and in the toil
of our hands, which cometh because
of the ground which Yahweh hath
cursed." Concerning theory that
Noah is the name of a dynasty,
like Pharaoh or Caesar, rather
than of a single individual,
see ANTEDILUVIANS. In his 600th
year the degenerate races of
mankind were cut off by the
Deluge. But 120 years previously
(Genesis
6:3) he had been warned
of the catastrophe, and according
to 1
Peter 3:20 had been preparing
for the event by building the
ark (see ARK; DELUGE OF NOAH).
In the cuneiform inscriptions
Noah corresponds to "Hasisadra"
(Xisuthrus). After the flood
Noah celebrated his deliverance
by building an altar and offering
sacrifices to Yahweh (Genesis
8:20), and was sent forth
with God's blessing to be "fruitful,
and multiply, and replenish
the earth" (Genesis
9:1), as Adam had been sent
forth at the beginning (Genesis
1:28). In token of the certainty
of God's covenant not to destroy
the race again by flood, a rainbow
spanned the sky whose reappearance
was ever after to be a token
of peace. But Noah was not above
temptation. In the prosperity
which followed, he became drunken
from the fruit of the vineyard
he had planted. His son Ham
irreverently exposed the nakedness
of his father, while Shem and
Japheth covered it from view
(Genesis
9:22 , 23).
The curse upon Canaan the son
of Ham was literally fulfilled
in subsequent history when Israel
took possession of Palestine,
when Tyre fell before the arms
of Alexander, and Carthage surrendered
to Rome.
George Frederick Wright
(2) One of the daughters of
Zelophehad (Numbers
26:33 ; 27:1
; 36:11
; Joshua
17:3).
RELATED:
Noah's
Ark, Rainbow.
Copyright
Information: "Easton's
Bible Dictionary", Matthew
George Easton M.A., D.D., 1897;
"Hitchcock's Dictionary
of Bible Names", Roswell
D. Hitchcock, 1869; "International
Standard Bible Encyclopedia",
Orr, James, M.A., D.D., 1915;
and "Smith's Bible Dictionary",
Smith, William, Dr., 1901. are
public domain and may be freely
used and distributed.
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